CentOS 5.4 下配置DHCP服务器全过程

首先检查DHCP服务是否安装：
[root@DHCPserver /]# rpm -q dhcp
package dhcp is not installed
将光盘放入光驱，通过mount命令进行挂载。
[root@DHCPserver /]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@DHCPserver /]# cd /mnt/CentOS/
[root@DHCPserver CentOS]# ls | grep dhcp    //查看关键字“dhcp”文件
dhcp-3.0.5-21.el5.i386.rpm
dhcp-devel-3.0.5-21.el5.i386.rpm
dhcpv6-1.0.10-17.el5.i386.rpm
dhcpv6-client-1.0.10-17.el5.i386.rpm
libdhcp-1.20-10.el5.i386.rpm
libdhcp4client-3.0.5-21.el5.i386.rpm
libdhcp4client-devel-3.0.5-21.el5.i386.rpm
libdhcp6client-1.0.10-17.el5.i386.rpm
libdhcp6client-devel-1.0.10-17.el5.i386.rpm
libdhcp-devel-1.20-10.el5.i386.rpm
sblim-cmpi-dhcp-0.5.5-35.el5.i386.rpm
sblim-cmpi-dhcp-devel-1-35.el5.i386.rpm
sblim-cmpi-dhcp-test-1-35.el5.i386.rpm
------------------注解----------------------
dhcp-*                   DHCP服务器软件包
dhclient-*             DHCP客户机软件包
dhcp-devel-*        DHCP开发工具，非必需
--------------------------------------------
 

在这个目录下有DHCP的安装包，使用rpm命令进行安装。

[root@DHCPserver CentOS]# rpm -ivh dhcp-3.0.5-21.el5.i386.rpm     
warning: dhcp-3.0.5-21.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:dhcp                   ########################################### [100%]

或者用

# yum install dhcp

 进行自动更新

安装完之后检查是否安装到机器上。

[root@DHCPserver CentOS]# rpm -q dhcp
dhcp-3.0.5-21.el5

在安装目录下有一个模板（/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.5/dhcpd.conf.sample），通过CP命令进行覆盖。
[root@DHCPserver CentOS]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.5/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf     
cp：是否覆盖“/etc/dhcpd.conf”? y

通过vi进入dhcpd.conf配置文件进行配置
[root@DHCPserver CentOS]# vi /etc/dhcpd.conf 

 

 

 

ddns-update-style interim;     #配置使用过渡性 DHCP-DNS互动更新模式。  
ignore client-updates;         #忽略客户端更新  
 
 
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  
 
        option routers                  192.168.1.1;        #路由器地址  
        option subnet-mask              255.255.255.0;      #子网掩码选项  
 
        option nis-domain               "xfbaydhcp.com";  
        option domain-name              "xfbaydhcp.com";     #域名  
        option domain-name-servers      202.102.152.3;       #DNS地址  
 
        option time-offset              -18000; # Eastern Standard Time  
 
        range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200;       #租用IP地址的范围   
        default-lease-time 21600;    #缺省租约时间  
        max-lease-time 43200;        #最大租约时间  
 
        # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address  
        host ns {  
                next-server marvin.redhat.com;  
                hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;  
                fixed-address 207.175.42.254;  
        }  
} 

 

设置完成，DHCP服务就搭建好了，启动服务即可。

[root@DHCPserver CentOS]# service dhcpd start

-----------------------注释-----------------

service dhcpd start        #启动服务

service dhcpd stop        #停止服务

service dhcpd  restart       #重启服务
----------------------------------------------

 

linux客户端：
修改ifcfg-eth0的文件，将BOOTPROTO选项改为DHCP，自动获取。
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE]
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
HWADDR=00:0C:29:D1:8D:D2
ONBOOT=dhcp
重新启动网络服务
[root@localhost ~]# service network restart
通过ifconfig命令可以看到已经获取到了IP地址

 

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:D1:8D:D2      
          inet addr:192.168.1.101 Bcast:192.168.1.1  Mask:255.255.255.0    
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fed1:8dd2/64 Scope:Link    
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1    
          RX packets:2093 errors:2 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0    
          TX packets:634 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0    
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000     
          RX bytes:184237 (179.9 KiB)  TX bytes:73399 (71.6 KiB)    
          Interrupt:169 Base address:0x2000     
   
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback      
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0    
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host    
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1    
          RX packets:1129 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0    
          TX packets:1129 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0    
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0     
          RX bytes:2006336 (1.9 MiB)  TX bytes:2006336 (1.9 MiB)  

 

DHCP 服务器工作的前提条件： 

　　为了使 DHCP 服务器为 windows 机器服务，你可能需要创建一个到地址 255.255.255.255 的路由，加这条路由命令到 /etc/rc.d/rc.local 使得每次启动后自动运行。 

　　#route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0 

　　如果报告错误消息：255.255.255.255：Unkown host 

　　试着加下面的入口到 /etc/hosts 文件: 

　　#route add -host dhcp dev eth0 。 

转自:http://sdbaby.blog.51cto.com/149645/325905